Association of different types of playing surfaces with bone mass in growing girls     

Esther Ubago-Guisado  Jorge García-Unanue  Jorge López-Fernández  Javier Sánchez-Sánchez  Leonor Gallardo 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(15):1484-1492

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare bone mass in young female athletes playing ball games on different types of playing surfaces. About 120 girls, 9–13 years of age (10.6 ± 1.5 years old Tanner I–III) were recruited and divided into prepubertal and pubertal groups. The sample represented 3 groups of athletes: soccer (N = 40), basketball (N = 40), and handball (N = 40); and 6 different playing surfaces (soccer – ground, soccer – artificial turf, basketball – synthetic, basketball – parquet, handball – synthetic, and handball – smooth concrete). Total and regional body composition (bone mass, fat mass, and lean mass) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The mechanical properties of the surfaces (force reduction, vertical deformation, and energy return) were measured with the Advanced Artificial Athlete (Triple A) method. The degree of sexual development was determined using Tanner test. The pubertal group showed that soccer players on the ground, basketball players on synthetic, and handball players on smooth concrete had higher values of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) (P < 0.05) than the soccer players on the artificial turf, basketball players on parquet, and handball players on synthetic. In conclusion, a hard playing surface, with less vertical deformation and force reduction, and greater energy return, is associated with higher levels of BMD and BMC in growing girls, regardless of the sport they practice.  相似文献   

Regret for Complaint Withholding     

Esther Liu  Michael E. Roloff 《Communication quarterly》2016,64(1):72-92

This study examines regret for withholding relational complaints. The study sample of 393 participants completed measures of irritant frequency, irritant importance, relational intimacy, emotional distress from withholding, and regret for withholding. Irritant frequency mediated the positive relationship between length of withholding and irritant importance. This process predicted less intimacy and more emotional distress from withholding, the latter of which related to regret. Alternative paths were also found between length of withholding and regret. Results offer important implications for the role of regret management in hurtful confrontations and may inform other avoidance forms.  相似文献   

POLICY STRATEGIES FOR THE CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN AT EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES     

Esther K. Hicks 《Higher Education in Europe》1993,18(4):3-16

Intended as an introduction and overview, this article previews the other contributions to the topic and places them in a general introductory context. The basic question is why women, who are not currently confronted with legal or overt discrimination with regard to entering and even thriving in academic careers, are still underrepresented in the academic world in Europe, particularly in the upper echelons of academic governance and power. Several possible explanations are given, in particular the failure of women to be prepared from an early age to be competitive in ways which boys are taught to take for granted, and their failure, not so much to engage in networking, but to penetrate the networks which count, most or all of which are in fact male dominated. Among the strategies which women may use to gain both presence and power in the academic world, the use of women's studies programmes is ruled out as being ultimately counterproductive. Likewise doubt is cast on the long‐term effectiveness of affirmative action programmes. Only remedies specific to the individual conditions of each country will be really helpful in aiding women to be more numerous in higher education, particularly in positions of power. However, in all the countries in question, women must be socialized so as to be willing to adopt behaviours conducive to academic success, and they must bring to bear the full resources of the social protection and welfare systems, all of which in the different countries of the Europe Region favour not only the progress of women, but the rational use of human resources.  相似文献   

Structure and Agency in Adolescents’ Expectations of Pursuing Post-secondary Education     

Keung  Chrysa Pui Chi  Ho  Esther Sui Chu 《Research in higher education》2020,61(2):270-295

Research in Higher Education - Past studies have supported the view that parent background and family socioeconomic status determine the post-secondary educational expectations of adolescents. They...  相似文献   

Waiting to inhale: how to unhurry the moment of birth     

Malloy ME 《The Journal of perinatal education》2011,20(1):8-13

A doula and expectant mother's view of birth is forever changed when she sees a midwife simply place a newly born child below her mother at the moment of birth. The pause that the mother experiences in this moment as she studies, touches, and claims her child prompts the author to reflect in this guest editorial on ways we might be disturbing the natural sequence of birth as we deliver babies directly to their mothers' chests.  相似文献   

EQUAL OPPORTUNITY OR INTEGRATION FOR WOMEN IN THE DUTCH ACADEMIC WORLD     

Wouter Van Rossum  Esther K. Hicks 《Higher Education in Europe》1993,18(4):51-64

In 1981, the career structure in Dutch higher education was modified in such a way that performance criteria, particularly possession of a doctorate and research and publication activity, were required for promotion. In particular, the hierarchy of university posts below that of full professor was modified in such a way that persons holding so‐called WHM(senior scientific staff level) positions were required to reapply for the new UHD(associate professor) positions on a competitive basis which stressed the publication record of candidates. Using a sampling of academic women drawn from the natural sciences, the authors offer an explanation as to why women academics did less well than men in the competitions for these new posts. Although the process did not discriminate against women as such, it did not favour academics on the periphery of the profession, where many women at the time found themselves. The situation identified was the result of social factors more than of institutional discrimination. Presently, younger women ‐graduate students ‐ are rapidly moving from the periphery of the profession to the centre. Active involvement in professional networks will aid academic women in their careers; however, over‐involvement in family matters (the care network) may be harmful to the career progress of academic women.  相似文献   

Copyright and You     

Esther R. Sinofsky Ph.D. 《TechTrends》1997,42(4):9-10

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Copyright and you     

Esther R. Sinofsky Ph.D. 《TechTrends》1996,41(5):6-7

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The Career Maturity of Singaporean Adolescents — Where do We Stand and What Can be Done?     

Esther Tan 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》1989,10(2):40-50

This study investigated the cognitive, attitudinal and behavioural aspects of the career maturity of 1380 secondary school and junior college students.

The findings reveal a general weakness in career exploration and in the students' development of career decision-making skills. While no significant gender differences can be observed, there is strong evidence to indicate that career development does mature with age. The findings also suggest a positive association between career maturity and academic performance and between career maturity and parental involvement. Among the resource persons identified, teachers are the least consulted. They are also rated as the least helpful source of career information.

In the light of these findings, implications for the planning and implementation of career guidance in schools to enhance the career maturity of the students are discussed and suggestions made.  相似文献   

A Methylome‐Wide Association Study of Trajectories of Oppositional Defiant Behaviors and Biological Overlap With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder          下载免费PDF全文

Edward D. Barker  Esther Walton  Charlotte A.M. Cecil  Richard Rowe  Sara R. Jaffee  Barbara Maughan  Thomas G. O'Connor  Argyris Stringaris  Alan J. Meehan  Wendy McArdle  Caroline L. Relton  Tom R. Gaunt 《Child development》2018,89(5):1839-1855

In 671 mother–child (49% male) pairs from an epidemiological birth cohort, we investigated (a) prospective associations between DNA methylation (at birth) and trajectories (ages 7–13) of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and the ODD subdimensions of irritable and headstrong; (b) common biological pathways, indexed by DNA methylation, between ODD trajectories and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); (c) genetic influence on DNA methylation; and (d) prenatal risk exposure associations. Methylome‐wide significant associations were identified for the ODD and headstrong, but not for irritable. Overlap analysis indicated biological correlates between ODD, headstrong, and ADHD. DNA methylation in ODD and headstrong was (to a degree) genetically influenced. DNA methylation associated with prenatal risk exposures of maternal anxiety (headstrong) and cigarette smoking (ODD and headstrong).  相似文献